Imidacloprid 20% + Thiram 6% + Carboxin 6% FS
Imidacloprid NOMENCLATURE
Common name imidacloprid (BSI, E-ISO); imidaclopride ((m) F-ISO)
IUPAC name (E)-1-(6-chloro-3-pyridylmethyl)-N-nitroimidazolidin-2-ylideneamine
Chemical Abstracts name (2E)-1-[(6-chloro-3-pyridinyl)methyl]-N-nitro-2-imidazolidinimine
CAS RN [138261-41-3], formerly [105827-78-9]
Imidacloprid APPLICATIONS
Imidacloprid Biochemistry Acts as an antagonist by binding to postsynaptic nicotinic receptors in the insect central nervous system.
Imidacloprid Mode of action Systemic insecticide with translaminar activity and with contact and stomach action. Readily taken up by the plant and further distributed acropetally, with good root-systemic action.
Imidacloprid Uses Control of sucking insects, including rice-, leaf- and Planthoppers, Aphids, Thrips and Whitefly. Also effective against soil insects, Termites and some species of biting insects, such as Rice water weevil and Colorado beetle. Has no effect on nematodes and spider mites. Used as a seed dressing, as soil treatment and as foliar treatment in different crops, e.g. rice, cotton, cereals, maize, sugar beet, potatoes, vegetables, citrus fruit, pome fruit and stone fruit. Applied at 25-100 g/ha for foliar application, 50-175 g/100 kg seed for most seed treatments, and 350-700 g/100 kg cotton seed. Also used to control Fleas on dogs and cats.
Thiram NOMENCLATURE
Common name thiuram (JMAF); TMTD (USSR); thirame ((m) F-ISO); thiram (BSI, E-ISO)
IUPAC name tetramethylthiuram disulfide; bis(dimethylthiocarbamoyl) disulfide
Chemical Abstracts name tetramethylthioperoxydicarbonic diamide
CAS RN [137-26-8]
Thiram APPLICATIONS
Thiram Biochemistry Non-specific, multi-site fungicide which inhibits numerous enzymes in the fungus, resulting in subsequent inhibition of spore germination and mycelial growth.
Thiram Mode of action Basic contact fungicide with protective action.
Thiram Uses Protective fungicide applied to foliage to control Botrytis spp. on grapes, soft fruit, lettuce, vegetables and ornamentals; rust on ornamentals; scab and storage diseases on apples and pears; leaf curl, Stigmina and Monilia on stone fruit; and anthracnosis (Colletotrichum) in temperate and tropical crops. Used in seed treatments alone or in combination with added insecticides or fungicides to control damping-off diseases (e.g. Pythium spp.), and other diseases like Fusarium spp., of maize, cotton, cereals, legumes, vegetables and ornamentals, and to provide bird repellency. Used as a soil treatment for the control of soil-borne pests (e.g. Pythium, Fusarium, Rhizoctonia and Sclerotinia spp.). Applied at 0.1-0.3% a.i. for foliar uses, 0.05-0.20 kg a.i./100 kg seed for seed treatment, and 0.5-1 g/m² for soil treatment.
Carboxin NOMENCLATURE
Common name carboxin (BSI, E-ISO, ANSI); carboxine ((f) F-ISO); carbathiin (Canada); no name (Denmark, Germany)
IUPAC name 5,6-dihydro-2-methyl-1,4-oxathi-ine-3-carboxanilide
Chemical Abstracts name 5,6-dihydro-2-methyl-N-phenyl-1,4-oxathiin-3-carboxamide
CAS RN [5234-68-4]
Carboxin APPLICATIONS
Carboxin Biochemistry SDHI: inhibits mitochondrial function by disrupting complex II (succinate dehydrogenase) in the respiratory electron transport chain.
Carboxin Mode of action Systemic fungicide.
Carboxin Uses Seed treatment for control of smuts and bunts (particularly loose smut, Ustilago spp.), at 50-200 g/100 kg seed, on barley, wheat, and oats; seedling diseases (particularly Rhizoctonia spp.) of barley, wheat, oats, rice, cotton, peanuts, soya beans, vegetables, maize, sorghum, and other crops.
Carboxin Compatibility Not compatible with pesticides which are highly alkaline or acidic.
Imidacloprid NOMENCLATURE
Common name imidacloprid (BSI, E-ISO); imidaclopride ((m) F-ISO)
IUPAC name (E)-1-(6-chloro-3-pyridylmethyl)-N-nitroimidazolidin-2-ylideneamine
Chemical Abstracts name (2E)-1-[(6-chloro-3-pyridinyl)methyl]-N-nitro-2-imidazolidinimine
CAS RN [138261-41-3], formerly [105827-78-9]
Imidacloprid APPLICATIONS
Imidacloprid Biochemistry Acts as an antagonist by binding to postsynaptic nicotinic receptors in the insect central nervous system.
Imidacloprid Mode of action Systemic insecticide with translaminar activity and with contact and stomach action. Readily taken up by the plant and further distributed acropetally, with good root-systemic action.
Imidacloprid Uses Control of sucking insects, including rice-, leaf- and Planthoppers, Aphids, Thrips and Whitefly. Also effective against soil insects, Termites and some species of biting insects, such as Rice water weevil and Colorado beetle. Has no effect on nematodes and spider mites. Used as a seed dressing, as soil treatment and as foliar treatment in different crops, e.g. rice, cotton, cereals, maize, sugar beet, potatoes, vegetables, citrus fruit, pome fruit and stone fruit. Applied at 25-100 g/ha for foliar application, 50-175 g/100 kg seed for most seed treatments, and 350-700 g/100 kg cotton seed. Also used to control Fleas on dogs and cats.
Thiram NOMENCLATURE
Common name thiuram (JMAF); TMTD (USSR); thirame ((m) F-ISO); thiram (BSI, E-ISO)
IUPAC name tetramethylthiuram disulfide; bis(dimethylthiocarbamoyl) disulfide
Chemical Abstracts name tetramethylthioperoxydicarbonic diamide
CAS RN [137-26-8]
Thiram APPLICATIONS
Thiram Biochemistry Non-specific, multi-site fungicide which inhibits numerous enzymes in the fungus, resulting in subsequent inhibition of spore germination and mycelial growth.
Thiram Mode of action Basic contact fungicide with protective action.
Thiram Uses Protective fungicide applied to foliage to control Botrytis spp. on grapes, soft fruit, lettuce, vegetables and ornamentals; rust on ornamentals; scab and storage diseases on apples and pears; leaf curl, Stigmina and Monilia on stone fruit; and anthracnosis (Colletotrichum) in temperate and tropical crops. Used in seed treatments alone or in combination with added insecticides or fungicides to control damping-off diseases (e.g. Pythium spp.), and other diseases like Fusarium spp., of maize, cotton, cereals, legumes, vegetables and ornamentals, and to provide bird repellency. Used as a soil treatment for the control of soil-borne pests (e.g. Pythium, Fusarium, Rhizoctonia and Sclerotinia spp.). Applied at 0.1-0.3% a.i. for foliar uses, 0.05-0.20 kg a.i./100 kg seed for seed treatment, and 0.5-1 g/m² for soil treatment.
Carboxin NOMENCLATURE
Common name carboxin (BSI, E-ISO, ANSI); carboxine ((f) F-ISO); carbathiin (Canada); no name (Denmark, Germany)
IUPAC name 5,6-dihydro-2-methyl-1,4-oxathi-ine-3-carboxanilide
Chemical Abstracts name 5,6-dihydro-2-methyl-N-phenyl-1,4-oxathiin-3-carboxamide
CAS RN [5234-68-4]
Carboxin APPLICATIONS
Carboxin Biochemistry SDHI: inhibits mitochondrial function by disrupting complex II (succinate dehydrogenase) in the respiratory electron transport chain.
Carboxin Mode of action Systemic fungicide.
Carboxin Uses Seed treatment for control of smuts and bunts (particularly loose smut, Ustilago spp.), at 50-200 g/100 kg seed, on barley, wheat, and oats; seedling diseases (particularly Rhizoctonia spp.) of barley, wheat, oats, rice, cotton, peanuts, soya beans, vegetables, maize, sorghum, and other crops.
Carboxin Compatibility Not compatible with pesticides which are highly alkaline or acidic.